Excellent Factory Engraved Remington New Model Navy Cartridge Revolver
- Product Code: FHG-3499
- Availability: In Stock
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$3,500.00
In 1857, the firm of E. Remington & Sons of introduced their first percussion revolver. Since the founding of the firm in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington, the company had concentrated on the production of gun parts, primarily rifle barrels, and then long arms. In 1856, with the addition of Remington’s three sons to the business, the firm officially became E. Remington & Sons. The following year, their first revolver was ready for sale, the Remington-Beals Pocket revolver. This was the invention of Remington employee Fordyce Beals. Beals had been instrumental in the production of the Jenks carbine contract, and had actually been acquired from Ames, as had the machinery, as part of the negotiated arrangement between Remington and Ames. Beals’ design was a compact, single action, .31 caliber revolver that bore a resemblance to the “Walking Beam” revolver then in production by Whitney. This should come as no surprise as the Whitney revolver was based upon Beals’ 1854 patent which evaded Colt’s protection of his pistol’s mechanism. In 1856, Beals patented the features that were salient to his new Remington revolver, and in 1858 patented the cylinder pin and loading lever system that would define the silhouette of all the large-frame Remington handguns for some three decades, through the Model 1875 which would remain in the product line through 1889.
Beals’ 1858 patent (#21,478) was granted on September 14th of that year and covered the winged cylinder arbor pin that secured the cylinder to the frame, which was retained by the loading lever located under the barrel and could be withdrawn from the frame only when the lever was lowered. Thus, began the evolution of the second most used US marital revolver of the American Civil War. The first guns were produced in .36 caliber and production started to roll off the assembly line during late 1860 or early 1861. The .36 caliber “Navy” revolver was followed by a .44 caliber “Army” variant soon thereafter. By the time Beals-Navy production ended in 1862, some 15,000 of the handguns had been produced, while only about 2,000 of the larger “Army” revolvers were manufactured, before the William Elliott “improved” Model 1861 pattern Remington revolvers (also known to collectors as the “Old Model”) superseded the Beals model.
The Beals Navy Revolver was Remington’s first large frame, martial handgun to make it into production. The earlier Beals “Army”, a scaled-up version of the pocket model, was only produced as a prototype and it is believed that less than 10 were manufactured. The Beals Navy was a single action, 6-shot revolver with a nominally 7 ½” octagonal barrel that was screwed into the solid frame. While most references list the barrel length as 7 ½” some of the earlier examples measure closer to 7 3/8” in length. The guns were blued throughout, with brass triggerguards and a color casehardened hammer. The gun had two-piece smooth walnut grips, secured by a screw that passed through German silver escutcheons and a cone shaped German silver front sight was dovetailed into the top of the barrel near the muzzle. There were a number of differences between the Beals model and the later production “Old Model” 1861 and the final “New Model” 1863 revolvers. The most obvious visual differences were the “high spur” hammer and the fact that frame concealed the barrel threads at the rear of the barrel. Shortly after the “Old Model” 1861 went into production, these features were eliminated. A relief cut in the frame revealing the threads at the barrel’s end was added to reduce the possibility of cylinder lock up due to fouling and a lower spur hammer was adopted eventually to reduce the potential for breakage. The system of retaining the cylinder arbor pin via the loading lever evolved as well. While the Beals revolver required the lever to be lowered to withdraw the pin, the Model 1861 included a relief cut in the top of the lever that allowed the pin to be pulled forward with the lever in its upright and locked position. This was considered an improvement and the feature was patented by Remington employee William Elliot, who would be responsible for a number of successful Remington firearms designs. This “improvement” proved to be a failure in the field, as the arbor pin could slide forward in the relief cut under recoil. When this happened, the cylinder often locked up, making the revolver useless. An eventual “fix” was developed for this potentially fatal flaw. A filister head screw was added to the inside of the loading lever that acted as a stop against the cylinder pin. This meant that the lever again had to be lowered to remove the pin, essentially returning the design to the original Beals concept and nullifying Elliot’s improvement.
The Beals models did not have safety notches on the rear of the cylinder that would allow the hammer to be safely dropped and locked between cylinder chambers. This feature was added to the Model 1861 and 1863 revolvers. Other minor evolutions occurred as well, including making the loading lever slightly larger and more robust. As the Beals was the first of the large frame martial Remington revolvers it underwent some changes and improvements during its production.
The US government had been relatively pleased with the original Beals Navy design and had obtained some 11,249 of the 15,000 Beals Navy revolvers produced. The purchases had been a combination of direct contract with Remington combined with open market purchases of some 7,250 revolvers that would not pass through a government inspection process. In June of 1862, the Ordnance Department let a contract for 5,000 additional “Navy” caliber revolvers to Remington. The guns delivered under this contract appear to be a combination of late Remington Beals Navy revolvers and the new Model 1861 Elliott revolvers. The serial numbering of the Model 1861 revolvers continued from the Beals Navy revolvers, with the numbers mixing somewhat randomly at the end of Beals production and the beginning of Model 1861 production. This can probably be attributed to the using up of older parts on hand, thus the existence of “transitional” Remington Navy revolvers. Between August and December of 1862, a total of 5,001 .36 Remington Revolvers were delivered under this contract. Due to reports of issues in the field with the new Elliott Model 1861 revolvers, modifications and improvements occurred during the production of the “Old Model” Navy revolvers, which eventually morphed into the “New Model” or Model 1863 revolvers. Interestingly after finally getting the Remington Navy design to its pinnacle, no additional .36 caliber revolvers would be purchased from Remington by the Ordnance Department after the final December 1862 deliveries. Instead, the US military decided to concentrate on the acquisition of .44 caliber percussion revolvers and a large number of the New Model 1863 Army revolvers would be acquired between 1863 and 1865. In fact, roughly 80,000 of the New Model Army revolvers were purchased during the last two years of the war, while Remington would only produce about 22,000 New Model Navy percussion revolvers from the time of their introduction until the summer of 1871 when percussion production of that model came to a halt. In all some 148,000 “Army” sized Remington revolvers of all variants were produced with only about 48,000 of the “Navy” sized guns produced during the same period.
With the end of the Civil War, the US military found itself in possession of hundreds of thousands of percussion revolvers that it no longer needed, and almost immediately started the process of selling off nearly all of the “secondary” percussion revolvers, those not produced by Colt or Remington. The Ordnance Department also realized that the day of the percussion revolver was over, and that metallic cartridges had made percussion arms obsolete. The success of the Spencer Rifles and Carbines, as well as the Henry Rifle had proven the reliability of metallic cartridges, but a patent controlled by Smith & Wesson had prevented military caliber metallic cartridge revolvers from being developed. Smith & Wesson held the rights to Rollin White’s patent on the bored-through cylinder, a concept that was the very heart of metallic cartridge revolver design. Smith & Wesson aggressively defended the patent, and it was their legal efforts that had prevented companies like Allen & Wheelock and Merwin & Bray (Moore’s Patent Revolvers) from marketing cartridge revolver designs that had the potential to be quite successful. At the end of the Civil War, the US Ordnance Department started looking for ways to modernize and alter their stock of percussion revolvers to cartridge. They also started looking for a new cartridge revolver design, but the Rollin White patent effectively tied the hands of the major handgun contractors Colt and Remington. Colt attempted to circumvent the patent with their front-loading Thuer conversion of Colt percussion revolvers, but Remington took the path of least resistance; in 1868, they agreed to pay a royalty to Smith & Wesson for the right to use the Rollin White patent. Remington would continue to pay this royalty until the expiration of White’s patent protection in April of the following year. During that time, Remington would produce 4,574 cartridge revolvers with bored-through cylinders, getting a jump on Colt in the cartridge revolver market.
Remington would go on produce three primary variations of their New Model Army Revolver, altered to metallic cartridge. These were also their earliest alteration revolvers, as the desire to receive US military contracts encouraged the firm to concentrate on the production of .44 caliber guns rather than .36-.38 caliber guns. The first two variations of the Army alteration were rimfire revolvers, a 5-shot .46 caliber gun and then a 6-shot .44 caliber gun. The final version would be a 6-shot .44 centerfire cartridge, based upon the Martin patent, which Remington brought to market circa 1870 and remained in production through the introduction of the Model 1875 Army Revolver, Remington’s cartridge revolver developed to compete with Colt’s Model 1873 Single Action Army. However, a much smaller number of the Remington New Model Navy revolvers were either altered to cartridge from percussion or actually produced as cartridge revolvers.
The production of cartridge altered Remington New Model Navy Revolvers started between the summer of 1871 and early 1873 and appears to have started around serial number 36,000. These alterations continued through about serial number 42,000 and after that the guns were produced as cartridge revolvers and were not alterations. Production of the guns continued through about serial number 48,000 when the manufacture of New Model Navy revolvers ended. The cartridge guns were chambered for the .38 rimfire cartridge and retained the original percussion bore that was nominally .357” in diameter. This is why modern “38 caliber” cartridges still use .357” bullets. The “38” caliber designation was a reference to the diameter of the cartridge casing and not the bullet itself. The guns had their percussion cylinders machined to remove the percussion portion at the rear, leaving the cylinder ratchet in place and creating bored through chambers. New safety notches were machined in the upper rear of the cylinder where the nose of the modified rimfire hammer could rest. A new recoil plate was added to the rear of the frame and a loading gate was added as well. Finally, an ejector rod was added on the right side of the gun, with a sleeve added to the frame that secured an L-shaped rod that was tensioned with a spring and had a checkered tab at the operating end. The rod was secured against the bottom of the barrel when not in use with the web of the loading lever machined to retain the ejector rod. The altered guns retained their original serial numbers but had an additional set of alteration assembly numbers added under the barrel, on the edge of the left grip frame under the grips and sometimes in the grips themselves.
The Factory Engraved Remington New Model Navy Cartridge Revolver offered here is in about EXCELLENTcondition overall. The gun is one of the earlier Remington New Model Navy revolvers produced at the factory as .38 Rim Fire revolver, rather than being an alteration of a previously produced percussion revolver. Research indicates that the production of New Model Navy cartridge revolvers began at about #42,000 and this gun is serial numbered 43277. The revolver is 100% complete, correct, and original in every way. It retains the factory Remington cartridge cylinder, the Remington ejector rod system and the Remington recoil shield and back plate with loading gate that were used on the cartridge revolvers. The gun retains nearly all of its original factory nickel finish, features the rather sparse decorations that are typical of factory engraved guns of this period and remains in really wonderful condition. As noted, the gun is serial number 43277 and since it was made as a cartridge revolver it is not marked with the conversion mating numbers found on the altered revolvers. Matching serial numbers are located on the grip frame under the left grip, and under the barrel where it is hidden by the loading lever. Both the grip panels are additionally marked with the serial number, written on their interiors in period pencil. As is relatively common on Remington revolvers, the cylinder is not numbered. The top of the octagonal barrel is clearly marked in three lines:
PATENTED SEPT 14, 1858
E. REMINGTON & SONS ILION NEW YORK. U.S.A
NEW-MODEL
As the gun is a civilian gun that was never part of a military order or delivery it does not have any military or inspection markings and the grips are varnished walnut rather than the typical oil finish of military revolver grips.
As noted, the gun retains the large majority of its original bright factory nickel finish, with the barrel retaining 93%+, the cylinder retaining about 80% of its finish and the frame about 93%+. The barrel shows some minor flaked loss, most of which is related to minor bumps and dings in the metal. The loading lever and web show some loss and wear that appears to be more holster related to than anything. The cylinder shows the most loss which appears to be from flaking, along with a turn ring that runs through the cylinder stop slots. The frame shows some wear and loss along the backstrap, with some loss at the sharp edges where the butt and backstrap meet. Again, the loss appeasers to primarily be freckled flaking. The areas where the nickel has flaked or worn have a deeply oxidized brown patina. While the revolver is free of any pitting, the areas of oxidation do show some moderate roughness. There is also some freckled pinpricking at the muzzle. The frame is engraved with the typical sparse patterns found on Remington factory-engraved guns of the period. While higher grade engraving was available from Remington, either by their factory engravers or outsources from contract engravers, the standard factory work was rather lackluster when compared to Colt’s work. The most complicated motif is a series of simple, feathery leaves engraved behind the recoil shield, with a wavy line along the lower edge of the frame and punched dotes as additional decoration. The hammer retains about 70%+ of its original mottled case coloring, with a dulled and muted mottled bluish-gray mottled appearance. The fire blued trigger remains some hints of bright blue, mostly turning plum with good coverage and color and showing silvery loss along the high edges and contact points. The screws retain strong traces of their original fire blued finish, much of which has dulled and faded but retains nice hints of color. The brass triggerguard has a lovely golden patina. All the markings remain clear and crisp. The bore of the revolver is in FINE condition and is mostly bright, with excellent rifling present. The bore shows some scattered oxidation along its length with some pinpricking and light pitting here and there. The action of the revolver is mechanically excellent, and the gun times, indexes and locks up exactly as it should. The original Remington factory cartridge ejector system is in place and functions as it should. The grips are in VERY FINE condition. They retain much of their original factory varnish and remain quite crisp. The finish loss is primarily along the sharp edge and contact points and the grips are solid, complete, and free of any breaks, cracks, or repairs. The grips show some lightly scattered minor handling marks, but as noted are extremely crisp.
Overall, this is a really exceptional condition example of a rare Factory Engraved Remington New Model Navy Cartridge Revolver. The gun is 100% complete and correct, remains extremely crisp, is mechanically functional and has a lovely bore. The New Model Navy revolver is relatively scare in and of itself, as Remington produced about 3 of the “Army” size revolvers for every “Navy” they manufactured. The cartridge produced and cartridge altered Navy revolvers are rather rare and seldom appear in such a wonderful state of preservation. These early cartridge revolvers were the real guns the average western cowboy would have carried, as they were actually affordable to such men. Colt and Smith & Wesson revolvers were much too expensive for the average cowpuncher or ranch hand to afford. For any serious collector of guns of the Old West, these cartridge conversion revolvers provide a fertile field of study and numerous variations to collect, and this would be a great gun for such a collection. For an advanced Remington collector this would be a fantastic addition to their collection. No matter your area of specialization, I am quite convinced you will be extremely pleased with this gun in terms of rarity and condition, and you will be very proud to display it.
Tags: Excellent, Factory, Engraved, Remington, New, Model, Navy, Cartridge, Revolver